Masayendisiti akagadzira seti yemidziyo yekubikira yakagadzirwa nenzimbe nebamboo iri nyore uye inoshanda, ichivimbisa kuva imwe nzira inogona kushandiswa panzvimbo pemakapu epurasitiki nemamwe midziyo yepurasitiki inoshandiswa kamwe chete. Kunyange zvazvo mapurasitiki echinyakare kana mapolymer anoora anogona kutora kusvika makore 450 kana tembiricha yakakwira kuti aore, chinhu ichi chisina chepfu uye chisingakuvadzi nharaunda chinoora mumazuva makumi matanhatu chete uye chakachena zvakakwana kuti chichengetere kofi yako yemangwanani kana chikafu chekutakura. Nyaya nezveiyi nzira yepurasitiki yakaburitswa mujenari rekuti Matter musi wa12 Mbudzi, 2020.
“Kutaura chokwadi, pandakatanga kuuya kuUS muna 2007, ndakashamiswa nekuwanda kwemabhodhoro epurasitiki anoshandiswa kamwe chete muzvitoro zvikuru,” anodaro munyori anotsanangura kudaro Julie Hongli weNortheastern University. “Anoita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve nyore, asi anovawo marara asingaori muzvakatipoteredza.” Gare gare, kuona ndiro dzakawanda dzepurasitiki, ndiro, nemidziyo yekubikira zvichiraswa mumarara pamisangano nemisangano kwakaita kuti azvibvunze kuti, “Tingashandisa zvinhu zvinochengetedza nguva here?”
Vachitsvaga dzimwe nzira dzekushandisa midziyo yepurasitiki yekudya, Zhu nevamwe vake vakashandisa midziyo yebamboo uye imwe yenzvimbo huru dzinoita kuti marara eindasitiri yekudya ave madiki: nzimbe dzakakora. Chikwata ichi chakabatanidza tambo refu, dzakatetepa dzebamboo netambo pfupi, dzakakora dzebamboo kuti vagadzire mesh yakakora uye vakagadzira midziyo kubva pazvinhu zviviri izvi zvakagadzikana uye zvinoora. Midziyo iyi mitsva isingakuvadzi nharaunda yakasimba sepurasitiki uye inokwanisa kuchengeta mvura chete, asiwo yakachena kupfuura midziyo inogona kuora yakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadzokororwa, izvo zvingasave zvakasvibiswa zvizere. Inotanga kuora muvhu mushure memazuva makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana nemashanu uye inoora zvachose mushure memazuva makumi matanhatu.
"Kugadzira midziyo yechikafu hakusi nyore. Haifanirwe kungoora chete," akadaro Zhu. "Kune rumwe rutivi, tinoda chinhu chisingakuvadzi chikafu; kune rumwe rutivi, midziyo yacho inofanira kunge yakasimba zvikuru kana yakanyorova uye yakachena, sezvo ichizoshandiswa kuchengetera kofi inopisa nekudya kwemasikati kunopisa."
Vaongorori vakawedzera alkyl ketenedimer (AKD), kemikari isingakuvadzi nharaunda inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yechikafu, kuti ivandudze kusimba kwemafuta nemvura mumidziyo yekubikira, zvichiita kuti igare kwenguva refu munzvimbo dzine hunyoro. Nechinhu ichi, midziyo mitsva yekubikira yakabudirira kupfuura midziyo yekubikira inoora inowanikwa muzvitoro, senge mimwe midziyo yekubikira yenzimbe nemabhokisi emazai, musimba remuchina, kusimba kwemafuta, uye kusakuvadza chepfu.
Makapu akagadzirwa nevaongorori ane rimwe mukana: kuderedzwa kwakanyanya kwekabhoni. Maitiro ekugadzira chigadzirwa chitsva anoburitsa CO2 shoma ne97% pane mapurasitiki echinyakare, uye 65% shoma pane mapepa nemapurasitiki anoora. Chinangwa chinotevera chechikwata ndechekuvandudza mashandiro esimba ekugadzira uye kuderedza mari kuti zvikwanise kukwikwidzana nepurasitiki. Kunyangwe makapu akagadzirwa nezvinhu zvitsva achidhura kaviri ($2,333 patani) pane akagadzirwa nepurasitiki inoora ($4,750 patani), makapu epurasitiki echinyakare achiri kudhura zvishoma ($2,177 patani).
"Zvakaoma kumisa vanhu kushandisa midziyo inoraswa nekuti haina kudhura uye iri nyore kushandisa," akadaro Zhu. "Asi ndinofunga kuti mhinduro yakanaka ndeyekushandisa zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi nharaunda uye zvinoora kuti tigadzire midziyo iyi inoraswa."
Chitubu: Liu Chao, Luan Pengcheng, Li Qiang, Cheng Zheng, Sun Xiao, Cao Daxian, naZhu Hongli, “Dzimba dzeTafura Dzinoora, Dzinochena, uye Dzinogadziriswa neManyuchi Dzakagadzirwa neManyuchi eShuga-Bamboo Hybrid seimwe nzira yepurasitiki,” Matter, Mbudzi 12, 2020. DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.004
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-10-2025